一.法國(guó)葡萄酒文化(英文版)
1.Wine, grapes, fruit or juice after fermentation to brew alcoholic beverages from the。
2. In the fruit, because of high glucose content of grapes, storage will be issued alcohol for a period of time, often in winemaking。
3. Wine production is currently the world's largest and most widely popular monosaccharide brewing liquor。
4. As early as 6,000 Years ago, in the Mediterranean region rich grape, the Sumerian Mesopotamia and the Nile Basin will be the ancient Egyptians brewed wine。
5. Interestingly, the dance culture, there is a wine dance in the wine grape harvest, celebration dance groups。
6. Wine in the Precious Blood of Jesus Christ as Christian symbols。
7.There are many wine classification。 To finished color, can be divided into red wine, white wine and pink wine three categories。
8. Red wine which can be broken down into dry red wine, semi-dry red wine, semi-sweet red wine and sweet red wine。
9. White wine is broken down into dry white wine, white wine semi-, semi-sweet white wine and sweet white wine。
10. Approach to brewing, distillation wine can be divided into (Still wine), the bubble wine (Sparkling wine), Jialie wine (Fortified wine) and the Modified wine (Aromatized wine) four。
11. Of general wine alcohol content of about 8-15%, but Jialie of alcohol in wine may be higher。
12.Wine and liquor pletely soil, climate and wine skills, among other factors, but the flavor is pletely wine brewing techniques depends on factors such as the impact, but the wine is pletely dependent on the flavor of wine grape varieties different。
13. Wine raw materials - grapes originating in the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, between the Caucasus region, until the Western Han Dynasty, the Western Regions-Zhang Qian conveyed to China before。
14. At present grape has been widely introduced to the rest of the world, mainly as a wine raw materials。
15. But the world's best and most famous wine producing mostly to France, French wine brewing history Duishuo to the Roman period。
16. As France mild climate, in addition to some of the northern Normandy region, the country can produce high quality grapes。
17. In 1996, more than 818,000 hectares of the total of vineyards, 13 production wine regions, wine production over 6 billion litres。
18. France can be said to be one of the countries with rich wine。
二.法國(guó)紅酒正牌和副牌的英文
1.正牌似乎沒有特殊的英文,就是其原有的商標(biāo),一定要英文表達(dá)這個(gè)意思,Genuine或是Vintage genuine均可以表述。
2.副牌酒,英文SECONDARY WINE 或者SECOND LABLE,法文 SECOND VIN。
3.是特指波爾多地區(qū)各大名酒莊使用不用于釀造正牌葡萄酒的葡萄所釀成的酒,相對(duì)于其特級(jí)或者正牌葡萄酒,此種酒被稱為副牌酒。
4.根據(jù)各家酒莊釀酒的方式及風(fēng)格不同,有的副牌酒是用某片指定的葡萄田內(nèi)產(chǎn)出的葡萄釀制,這常常是用種植時(shí)間最短的葡萄田,然后同樣,正牌葡萄酒會(huì)使用酒莊最合適的木桶繼續(xù)其發(fā)酵的部分,副牌酒則使用挑選后剩下的桶,如此釀造出的酒使用屬于其本身的一個(gè)標(biāo)牌,并以比正牌葡萄酒更為低廉的價(jià)格賣出。
5.在那些相對(duì)不好的年份里,一家名酒莊可以選擇全部生產(chǎn)副牌酒而不是生產(chǎn)比往年量少很多的正牌酒,因?yàn)檫@樣的‘正牌酒’由于年份的原因可能不具備能被認(rèn)可代表這家名莊正牌酒的資格。
6.這種釀造副牌酒的方法始于18世紀(jì),而到了1980年代,生產(chǎn)副牌酒變成了一種非常商業(yè)化的行為。紅酒愛好者們發(fā)現(xiàn),這是一個(gè)能夠令自己品嘗到來自于某某列級(jí)名莊釀造的紅酒卻不至于銀包損失慘重的好方法,需知近30年來,波爾多名莊酒的價(jià)格是一直在一路飆升的。
7.1927年,Chateau Mouton Rothschild 木桐酒莊推出Carruades de Mouton,然后又在1930年正式推出Mouton Cadet作為當(dāng)時(shí)其副牌酒,用低廉的價(jià)格售出由于年份不佳而導(dǎo)致的不能代表其酒莊高度品質(zhì)的葡萄酒,并大獲成功。
8.特別說明今天木桐酒莊的副牌酒已經(jīng)不再是上述的Mouton Cadet, 而是一款叫做 Le Petit Mouton de Mouton Rothschild 的副牌酒; 而Mouton Cadet 由于在商業(yè)上取得了相當(dāng)大的成就,今天木桐酒莊已經(jīng)為其創(chuàng)建了獨(dú)立的品牌,使用完全不同于木桐酒莊正或者副牌的銷售及市場(chǎng)策略方法,比如普通超市就能夠買到了,價(jià)格也非常平民化,大約在10歐元左右一瓶。
三.用英語(yǔ)介紹一下法國(guó)葡萄酒.謝!!!
1.葡萄酒,是用葡萄果實(shí)或葡萄汁,經(jīng)過發(fā)酵釀制而成的酒精飲料。在水果中,由于葡萄的葡萄糖含量較高,貯存一段時(shí)間就會(huì)發(fā)出酒味,因此常常以葡萄釀酒。
2.葡萄酒是目前世界上產(chǎn)量最大、普及最廣的單糖釀造酒。早在六千年以前,在盛產(chǎn)葡萄的地中海區(qū)域,兩河流域的蘇美爾人和尼羅河流域的古埃及人就會(huì)釀造葡萄酒。
3.有趣的是,在舞蹈文化中,有一種葡萄酒舞是在釀酒用葡萄豐收時(shí),慶祝的團(tuán)體舞蹈。葡萄酒在基督教被視為耶穌基督寶血的象征物。
4. 葡萄酒有許多分類方式。以成品顏色來說,可分為紅葡萄酒、白葡萄酒及粉紅葡萄酒三類。其中紅葡萄酒又可細(xì)分為干紅葡萄酒、半干紅葡萄酒、半甜紅葡萄酒和甜紅葡萄酒。
5.白葡萄酒則細(xì)分為干白葡萄酒、半干白葡萄酒、半甜白葡萄酒和甜白葡萄酒。以釀造方式來說,可以分為蒸餾葡萄酒(Still wine)、氣泡葡萄酒(Sparkling wine)、加烈葡萄酒(Fortified wine)和加味葡萄酒(Aromatized wine)四類。
6.其中一般葡萄酒的酒精含量約為百分之八到十五,然而加烈葡萄酒的酒精含量可能會(huì)更高。 葡萄酒的酒性完全受到土壤、氣候以及釀酒技巧等因素的影響,但是酒的風(fēng)味卻完全取決于釀酒技巧等因素的影響,但是酒的風(fēng)味卻完全取決于釀酒葡萄的品種的不同。
7.葡萄酒的原料-葡萄原產(chǎn)于黑海與里海之間的外高加索地區(qū),直到西漢時(shí)經(jīng)張騫通西域才傳到中國(guó)。目前葡萄已經(jīng)被廣泛引種到世界各地,主要是作為釀酒原料。
8.但世界最好及最有名的葡萄酒大多產(chǎn)至法國(guó),法國(guó)葡萄酒的釀造歷史可追朔到羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)期。由于法國(guó)氣候溫和,除了北部諾曼底一些區(qū)域以外,全國(guó)都能生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的葡萄。
9.在1996年時(shí),全國(guó)共有超過818000公頃的葡萄園,13個(gè)產(chǎn)酒區(qū)域,葡萄酒產(chǎn)量超過46億公升。法國(guó)可以說是盛產(chǎn)葡萄酒的國(guó)家之一。
10.Wine, grapes, fruit or juice after fermentation to brew alcoholic beverages from the。
11. In the fruit, because of high glucose content of grapes, storage will be issued alcohol for a period of time, often in winemaking。
12. Wine production is currently the world's largest and most widely popular monosaccharide brewing liquor。
13. As early as 6,000 Years ago, in the Mediterranean region rich grape, the Sumerian Mesopotamia and the Nile Basin will be the ancient Egyptians brewed wine。
14. Interestingly, the dance culture, there is a wine dance in the wine grape harvest, celebration dance groups。
15. Wine in the Precious Blood of Jesus Christ as Christian symbols。
16. There are many wine classification。 To finished color, can be divided into red wine, white wine and pink wine three categories。
17. Red wine which can be broken down into dry red wine, semi-dry red wine, semi-sweet red wine and sweet red wine。
18. White wine is broken down into dry white wine, white wine semi-, semi-sweet white wine and sweet white wine。
19. Approach to brewing, distillation wine can be divided into (Still wine), the bubble wine (Sparkling wine), Jialie wine (Fortified wine) and the Modified wine (Aromatized wine) four。
20. Of general wine alcohol content of about 8-15%, but Jialie of alcohol in wine may be higher。
21. Wine and liquor pletely soil, climate and wine skills, among other factors, but the flavor is pletely wine brewing techniques depends on factors such as the impact, but the wine is pletely dependent on the flavor of wine grape varieties different。
22. Wine raw materials - grapes originating in the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, between the Caucasus region, until the Western Han Dynasty, the Western Regions-Zhang Qian conveyed to China before。
23. At present grape has been widely introduced to the rest of the world, mainly as a wine raw materials。
24. But the world's best and most famous wine producing mostly to France, French wine brewing history Duishuo to the Roman period。
25. As France mild climate, in addition to some of the northern Normandy region, the country can produce high quality grapes。
26. In 1996, more than 818,000 hectares of the total of vineyards, 13 production wine regions, wine production over 6 billion litres。
27. France can be said to be one of the countries with rich wine。
四.法國(guó)紅酒等級(jí)劃分及英文縮寫
1.法國(guó)相關(guān)法律將法國(guó)葡萄酒分為4級(jí):AOC (原產(chǎn)地控制命名)酒瓶標(biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Appellation+產(chǎn)區(qū)名+ControleeVDQS(優(yōu)良地區(qū)餐酒)酒瓶標(biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Appellation+產(chǎn)區(qū)名+Qualite Superieure。
2. VDP(地區(qū)餐酒)酒瓶標(biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Vin de Pays+ 產(chǎn)區(qū)名VDT(日常餐酒)酒瓶標(biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Vin deTable法定產(chǎn)區(qū)葡萄酒,級(jí)別簡(jiǎn)稱 AOC,是法國(guó)葡萄酒最高級(jí)別——AOC在法文意思為“原產(chǎn)地控制命名”。
3.——原產(chǎn)地地區(qū)的葡萄品種、種植數(shù)量、釀造過程、酒精含量等都要得到專家認(rèn)證?!荒苡迷a(chǎn)地種植的葡萄釀制,絕對(duì)不可和別地葡萄汁勾兌。
4.——AOC產(chǎn)量大約占法國(guó)葡萄酒總產(chǎn)量的35%。——酒瓶標(biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Appellation+產(chǎn)區(qū)名+Controlee優(yōu)良地區(qū)餐酒,級(jí)別簡(jiǎn)稱 VDQS——是普通地區(qū)餐酒向AOC級(jí)別過渡所必須經(jīng)歷的級(jí)別。
5.如果在VDQS時(shí)期酒質(zhì)表現(xiàn)良好,則會(huì)升級(jí)為AOC?!a(chǎn)量只占法國(guó)葡萄酒總產(chǎn)量的2%?!破繕?biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Appellation+產(chǎn)區(qū)名+Qualite Superieure。
6.地區(qū)餐酒 VIN DE PAYS (英文意思Wine of Country)——日常餐酒中最好的酒被升級(jí)為地區(qū)餐酒——地區(qū)餐酒的標(biāo)簽上可以標(biāo)明產(chǎn)區(qū)。
7.——可以用標(biāo)明產(chǎn)區(qū)內(nèi)的葡萄汁勾兌,但僅限于該產(chǎn)區(qū)內(nèi)的葡萄。——產(chǎn)量約占法國(guó)葡萄酒總產(chǎn)量的15%。 ——酒瓶標(biāo)簽標(biāo)示為 Vin de Pays + 產(chǎn)區(qū)名——法國(guó)絕大部分的地區(qū)餐酒產(chǎn)自南部地中海沿岸日常餐酒 VIN DE TABLE (英文意思 Wine of the table)——是最低檔的葡萄酒,作日常飲用。
8.——可以由不同地區(qū)的葡萄汁勾兌而成,如果葡萄汁限于法國(guó)各產(chǎn)區(qū),可稱法國(guó)日常餐酒。——不得用歐共體外國(guó)家的葡萄汁——產(chǎn)量約占法國(guó)葡萄酒總產(chǎn)量的38%。